Njĩra ya wĩra
Ũrĩa o namba ya tovuti ĩno ĩthondekagwo, nĩguo o ĩmwe yacio ĩhote gũthondekwo rĩngĩ.
Namba ciothe ciĩtĩkagia gĩthiũrũrũki kĩa kĩhooto kĩa Rũraya: tũnyũmba 37 tũrĩ na mweke ũiganaine, mĩthiũrũrũko ĩtegwatanĩtehithabuMĩthiũrũrũko ĩtegwatanĩteO mũthiũrũrũko ũrĩ na mweke o ũmwe o na kũhĩtũkĩte atĩa. Nĩguo mũthingi wa mĩtarĩre yothe kũũ.Thoma wothe →, marĩhimbecaMarĩhiKĩrĩa beti ĩhootanĩte ĩcookagia, ĩgwetagwo “X kwa 1” makĩria ma mbeca cia beti iria icookagio.Thoma wothe → 36/n − 1, gũtarĩ la partagewathoLa partageWatho wa Ũbaranja: thero yoka, nuthu ya mbeca cia beti ya marĩhi maigana nĩ ĩcookagio. Ũnyihagia uumithio wa kasino beti-inĩ icio nginya nuthu, 1.35%.Thoma wothe → tiga kũngiugwo. Mĩigerekanio ĩhũthagĩra kĩrutani kĩrĩ na mbegũ na ĩkoiga mbegũ yayo na ũnene wa kĩgeranio.
Namba cia fomura ĩhingĩtwo
MwekehithabuMwekeMweke wa mũico, kuuma 0 nginya 1 kana 0% nginya 100%. Namba ĩmwe: 1/37 = 2.70%.Thoma wothe → = namba iria ihingĩirwo / 37. Thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwohithabuThogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwoMũico wa gatagatĩ wa o beti ĩmwe ihinda-inĩ iraya. −1/37 ya mbeca cia beti o beti ya kawaida ya rureti ya Rũraya.Thoma wothe → = −mbeca cia beti/37. ŨgarũrũkuhithabuŨgarũrũkuGĩthimi kĩa ũrĩa mĩico ĩhurunjũkaga ĩrigiicĩirie thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwo. Nĩ mũnene harĩ beti ya namba ĩmwe, mũnini harĩ beti cia marĩhi maigana.Thoma wothe → harĩ o gĩthimombecaGĩthimoMbeca cia beti cia mũthingi iria mũtaratara kana mũthaki ahũthagĩra. Mĩgarũrĩro ya beti ĩtaarĩrio na ithimo nĩguo ĩhũthĩke metha-inĩ o yothe.Thoma wothe → = p·W² + (1 − p) − EV². Mĩhari ya mĩico: (18/37)ᵏ. Ũgwati wa gũthira mbeca ciothehithabuŨgwati wa gũthira mbeca ciotheMweke wa gũthira mbeca ciothe cia mũthako mbere ya gũkinya mũoroto kana mũigana wa mĩthiũrũrũko.Thoma wothe →: fomura ya gambler’s ruin na p = 18/37. Gũthima ũnene wa kĩgeranio: gũkuhĩrĩria kwa normal harĩ kĩgeranio kĩa gĩcunjĩ kĩmwe na α = 0.05 mwena ũmwe na hinya wa 80%.
Mĩigerekanio
Mahinda ma Monte Carlo mahũthagĩra beti cia marĩhi maiganabetiBeti ya marĩhi maiganaNdune/njirũ, itagayanĩka/igayanĩka, nene/nini. Namba 18, marĩhi 1:1.Thoma wothe → irĩ na mweke wa kũhoota wa 18/37. Beti itingĩkĩra mũhaka wa methamethaMũhaka wa methaBeti nini mũno na nene mũno ĩrĩa yĩtĩkĩrĩtio. Mũhaka wa igũrũ nĩguo ũrũgamagia mĩgarũrĩro ya beti ya kũingĩhia maita meerĩ.Thoma wothe → na mbeca cia mũthakombecaMbeca cia mũthakoMbeca ciothe iria ciigĩtwo cia gũthaka. Ũrũgamĩrĩri wa mbeca cia mũthako nĩ gũtua nĩ cigana ũngĩiga ũgwati-inĩ beti-inĩ o ĩmwe na ihinda-inĩ o rĩmwe rĩa mũthako.Thoma wothe → iria ciatigara; ihinda rĩthiraga mũigana wa mĩthiũrũrũko wakinya kana mbeca ciakinya thero. Mawatho ma mũgarũrĩro wa betimũbangoMũgarũrĩro wa betiWatho o wothe ũgarũraga mbeca cia beti kũringana na mĩico ĩrĩa ĩhĩtũkĩte. Mĩgarũrĩro ya hasara ĩmĩambararagia thutha wa hasara, ya ũhootani thutha wa ũhootani.Thoma wothe → nĩ mandĩkĩtwo rũrenda-inĩ o rwothe rwa mũbango. Mbegũ itigarũrũkaga nĩguo mũtaratara o ũmwe ũcookage o ũguo hĩndĩ o yothe ũngĩceera; Kĩigerekania kĩa ihinda rĩa mũthako kĩonanagia mbegũ yakĩo ta namba ya ihinda.
Mageria ma takwimu
Marũrenda ma ũrũmbĩrĩri wa gĩthiũrũrũki mahũthagĩra chi-square ya Pearson ya kũgeria kũiganana na ithimo cia wĩyathiũthuthuriaIthimo cia wĩyathiMũigana wa namba iria itegwatanĩte thĩinĩ wa takwimu. Kĩgeranio-inĩ kĩa chi-square kĩa tũnyũmba 37 nĩ 36, tondũ mĩtaro yothe no nginya ĩnyitane na mũigana wothe.Thoma wothe → 36. Thogora wa pũthuthuriaThogora wa pMweke wa kuona ũtiganu ũnene o ta ũrĩa woneka kana gũkĩra, angĩkorwo gĩthiũrũrũki nĩ kĩa kĩhooto.Thoma wothe → uumaga harĩ fomura ya gamma ĩtarĩ njiganu ĩrũngĩtio. Mageria ma icunjĩgĩthiũrũrũkiGĩcunjĩ kĩa gĩthiũrũrũkiRũhande rũrũmanĩte rwa tũnyũmba gĩthiũrũrũki-inĩ, ti gĩkundi kĩa namba ramani-inĩ ya metha.Thoma wothe → moigaga ũtiganu na ũtiganu wa kawaidahithabuŨtiganu wa kawaidaMũri wa ũgarũrũku; ũraihu wa kawaida wa mũico kuuma thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwo.Thoma wothe → wa binomial ĩrĩ na p = tũnyũmbaindoKanyũmbaKamwe ka tũnyũmba 37 tũrĩ na namba rota-inĩ. Ningĩ metagwo: slot, cup.Thoma wothe →/37.
Kũhũũra namba
Ikunjĩ cia igana ionanagio na namba igĩrĩ thutha wa kamenyithia, mbeca nginya senti, na senti itionanagio harĩ mbeca cia dola ciganu. Mũtarĩre wa gatagatĩ ndũhũũragwo.
Gĩa gũtheka
O namba ĩrĩ haha no ĩtarwo rĩngĩ na ĩkoimĩra o ũguo.