Hithabu cia rureti · Ũhũthĩri · ndagĩka 7

Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo

Thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwo maita mbeca ciothe iria ũbetaga: kĩrĩa ihinda rĩa mũthako rĩrĩhagwo kũringana na gatagatĩ.

Macokio ma ihenya

Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo = mbeca ciothe ciabetio × 1/37. Mbeca cia beti $10, mĩthiũrũrũko 100: $1,000 ciabetio, hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo $27. Mĩgarũrĩro ya beti ĩbetaga mbeca nyingĩ, nĩ ũndũ ũcio ĩũraga nyingĩ makĩria.

o $1 ĩabetio
$0.027
$10 × mĩthiũrũrũko 100
$27
$10 × 50/thaa
$13.50 / thaa
o mwaka, o kiumia
≈ $700

Mbeca ciothe cia beti, ti mbeca cia mũthako

Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwohithabuHasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwoThogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwo ũingĩhĩtio na mbeca ciothe iria ciabetirwo; mbeca iria ithiraga kũringana na gatagatĩ ihinda-inĩ rĩa mũthako kana ihinda rĩngĩ.Thoma wothe → ĩĩhokete mbeca iria ihĩtũkagĩra metha-inĩ, ti iria warehire. Mbeca cia mũthakombecaMbeca cia mũthakoMbeca ciothe iria ciigĩtwo cia gũthaka. Ũrũgamĩrĩri wa mbeca cia mũthako nĩ gũtua nĩ cigana ũngĩiga ũgwati-inĩ beti-inĩ o ĩmwe na ihinda-inĩ o rĩmwe rĩa mũthako.Thoma wothe → $100 ciabetio rĩngĩ maita maingĩ no ikinyie mbeca ciothe cia betimbecaMbeca ciothe cia betiMbeca ciothe iria ciabetirwo ihinda-inĩ rĩa mũthako kana ihinda rĩngĩ, hamwe na mbeca cia ũhootani iria ciabetirwo rĩngĩ. Ningĩ metagwo: handle, action.Thoma wothe → $2,000 na hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo ya $54; mbeca cia mũthako $10,000 ciabetio rĩmwe harĩ ndunebetiNduneBeti ya marĩhi maigana ya namba 18 ndune. Kĩbaranja: rouge.Thoma wothe → ikinyagia mbeca ciothe cia beti $10,000 na $270. Mbeca iria kasino ĩgĩaga nacio nĩ ta ũcuru wa njĩra harĩ ũhĩtũkĩro, na ũhĩtũkĩro ũcio nĩ o cipumbecaCipuKĩndũ kĩonanagia mbeca ciathimĩtwo, kĩigagwo ramani-inĩ ya metha nĩguo ũbeti. Ningĩ: check.Thoma wothe → o mũthiũrũrũko.

Mũtaratara wa hithabu

E[hasara] = Σ mbeca cia beti / 37. Harĩ mũthaki wa beti cia mũigana ũmwe, ũcio nĩ mbeca cia beti × mĩthiũrũrũko / 37. Harĩ mũgarũrĩro wa betimũbangoMũgarũrĩro wa betiWatho o wothe ũgarũraga mbeca cia beti kũringana na mĩico ĩrĩa ĩhĩtũkĩte. Mĩgarũrĩro ya hasara ĩmĩambararagia thutha wa hasara, ya ũhootani thutha wa ũhootani.Thoma wothe → nĩ mbeca cia beti cia gatagatĩ × mĩthiũrũrũko / 37, na mbeca cia beti cia gatagatĩ nĩ nyingĩ gũkĩra cia kwambĩrĩria, tondũ mbeca cia beti ciambataga hĩndĩ ya mĩhari ya hasara. MartingalemũbangoMartingaleMũgarũrĩro wa beti ũrĩa ũingĩhagia beti maita meerĩ thutha wa o hasara. Rora gĩcunjĩ kĩa Mĩbango wone ũrĩa ũrutaga na ũrĩa ũtarutaga.Thoma wothe → kuuma $10 cia kwambĩrĩria na mũhaka wa $500 ĩbetaga gatagatĩ ka ta $28 o mũthiũrũrũko ihinda-inĩ iraya, nĩ ũndũ ũcio ĩũraga hakuhĩ maita matatũ ma beti cia mũigana ũmwe cia $10, hatarĩ kũgarũra mweke wa beti o na ĩmwe.

mũthakombeca cia beti cia gatagatĩmbeca ciabetio mĩthiũrũrũko-inĩ 100hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo
Mũigana ũmwe $10$10$1,000$27
D’Alembert, $10 cia kwambĩrĩria≈ $14≈ $1,400≈ $38
Fibonacci, $10 cia kwambĩrĩria≈ $17≈ $1,700≈ $45
Martingale, $10 cia kwambĩrĩria, mũhaka $500≈ $28≈ $2,800≈ $75
Mũigana ũmwe $10, metha ya la partage$10$1,000$13.50
Gatagatĩ ka mũigerekanio. Uumithio o dola nĩ 2.70% mũhari-inĩ o wothe tiga ũrĩa wa mũthia.

Mũbango wa beti cia mũigana ũmwe

Ihenya

Metha cia rĩu-rĩu ithiũrũrũkagia mĩthiũrũrũko 40–60 o thaa, kasino 30–50, metha cia ihenya 90 kana makĩria, metha cia RNG o ũrĩa ũhũũraga na ihenya. Na mbeca cia beti o icio, ihenya nĩrĩo kĩndũ kĩmwe kĩnene mũno kĩgarũraga hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo o thaa: kuuma metha ĩthiĩ kahora ya kasino nginya metha ya RNG ĩthakagwo na mĩthiũrũrũko 200 o thaa nĩ kũingĩhagia thogora wa hwaĩ-inĩ maita mana hatarĩ ũgarũrũku o na ũrĩkũ wa mweke.

Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo o thaa na $10 o mũthiũrũrũko$ o thaa
Kasino · 40/thaa
$10.81
Metha ya rĩu-rĩu · 55/thaa
$14.86
Rĩu-rĩu ya ihenya · 100/thaa
$27.03
RNG · 200/thaa
$54.05
$ o thaa
027.03$54.05
mbeca cia beti × mĩthiũrũrũko o thaa / 37. Ihenya nĩrĩo kĩndũ kĩnene mũno kĩgarũraga thogora wa thaa ĩmwe.

Rureti ya rĩu-rĩu na rureti ya RNG

Mwaka-inĩ

Mũthaki wa hingo ciothe ũthakaga mathaa meerĩ o kiumia na $10 metha-inĩ ya rĩu-rĩu ya mĩthiũrũrũko 50 abetaga mbeca ciothe $52,000 o mwaka na akarĩha hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo ya ta $1,400 gĩthiũrũrũki-inĩ kĩa Rũraya, $700 kĩa Ũbaranja, $2,700 kĩa Amerika. Hithabu ĩyo ndĩkenagia no ũtuĩri waguo nĩ wa bata: gũthuura gĩthiũrũrũki na metha nĩ kwa bata gũkĩra mũtaratara o wothe maita matarĩ mũthia, tondũ mĩtaratara ĩrĩ na bata wa therogĩthiũrũrũkiTheroKanyũmba kamwe ka rangi wa matu karĩa gatahumbagĩrwo nĩ beti o na ĩmwe ya marĩhi maigana, ya dazeni kana ya koramu; nĩkĩo kĩrehi kĩa uumithio wa kasino. Ningĩ: thero ĩmwe, 0.Thoma wothe → o ũguo.

Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo o mwaka: 2 thaa/kiumia, $10 o mũthiũrũrũko, mĩthiũrũrũko 50/thaa$
Ũbaranja (marĩhi maigana)
$702
Ya Rũraya
$1,405
Ya Amerika
$2,737
Metha ya ihenya, Rũraya, 100/thaa
$2,811
$
01405.50$2,811

Mũthako ũrĩ na thogora gũkĩra benki o yothe

Mũthako wa St. Petersburg, ũrĩa waheanirwo nĩ Nicolaus Bernoulli mwaka wa 1713, ũikagia mbeca rĩera-inĩ nginya ĩgwe ĩrĩ mũtwe na ũkarĩha $2 ũngĩkorwo nĩ gũikia kũmwe, $4 ũngĩkorwo nĩ kwĩrĩ, $8 ũngĩkorwo nĩ gũtatũ, ũkĩingĩhagia maita meerĩ o rĩmwe. O ũraihu ũngĩhoteka ũongagĩrĩra $1 harĩ thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwohithabuThogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwoMũico wa gatagatĩ wa o beti ĩmwe ihinda-inĩ iraya. −1/37 ya mbeca cia beti o beti ya kawaida ya rureti ya Rũraya.Thoma wothe →, nĩ ũndũ ũcio karatathi-inĩ mũthako ũcio ũrĩ na thogora ũtarĩ mũthia. Gũtirĩ benki ĩngĩrĩha iheo itarĩ mũthia, na rĩrĩa iheo ciahingĩrĩrio harĩ mbeca iria benki ĩrĩ nacio, thogora ũcio nĩ ũgũaga: na benki ya $1 milioni mũthako ũrĩ na thogora wa ta $21, na $1 ngiri milioni ta $31. Martingale nĩ mũthako o ũcio ũrorerwo kuuma mwena ũrĩa ũngĩ. Ĩhootaga gĩthimombecaGĩthimoMbeca cia beti cia mũthingi iria mũtaratara kana mũthaki ahũthagĩra. Mĩgarũrĩro ya beti ĩtaarĩrio na ithimo nĩguo ĩhũthĩke metha-inĩ o yothe.Thoma wothe → kĩmwe hakuhĩ o gĩthiũrũrũko kĩa mũtaratara na ĩkaũrwo nĩ kĩndũ gĩothe mũhari-inĩ mũraihu ũtakoragwo kaingĩ; hatarĩ mũhaka, mĩhari ĩyo mĩraihu ĩngĩrĩhwo nĩ ũhootani mũnene o makĩria, na kũrĩ na mũhaka ndĩrĩhagwo, na nĩkĩo mũhaka wa methamethaMũhaka wa methaBeti nini mũno na nene mũno ĩrĩa yĩtĩkĩrĩtio. Mũhaka wa igũrũ nĩguo ũrũgamagia mĩgarũrĩro ya beti ya kũingĩhia maita meerĩ.Thoma wothe → ũtuaga ũrĩa Martingale ĩremagwo no ti kana nĩ ĩkũremwo.

benki no ĩrĩhe nginyathogora wa kĩhooto wa mũthako
$100$7.56
$10,000$14.22
$1 milioni$20.91
$1 ngiri milioni$30.86
Thogora wa kĩhooto nĩ marĩhi marĩa metagĩrĩrwo rĩrĩa kĩheo o gĩothe gĩkĩrĩte benki kĩrĩhagwo ta benki yothe.
Mũthako wa St. Petersburg: thogora ũtarĩ mũthia karatathi-inĩ, ta $21 rĩrĩa benki ĩrĩ na $1 milioni.

Mĩhaka ya metha ya rureti

Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo ti mũico

O ihinda rĩmwe rĩa mũthako nĩ rĩgũtiganĩte na hasara yarĩo ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo, kaingĩ na mbeca nyingĩ gũkĩra hasara ĩyo ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo. Mĩthiũrũrũko-inĩ 100 ya marĩhi maigana na $10, ũtiganu wa kawaidahithabuŨtiganu wa kawaidaMũri wa ũgarũrũku; ũraihu wa kawaida wa mũico kuuma thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwo.Thoma wothe → nĩ $100 ũgĩgerekanio na −$27 ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo; ihinda rĩa ũhootani ti ũndũ wa kũgegania. Hasara ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo nĩ thogora; ũgarũrũkuhithabuŨgarũrũkuGĩthimi kĩa ũrĩa mĩico ĩhurunjũkaga ĩrigiicĩirie thogora ũrĩa wetagĩrĩrwo. Nĩ mũnene harĩ beti ya namba ĩmwe, mũnini harĩ beti cia marĩhi maigana.Thoma wothe → nĩ mũkebe; mũico wa ũtukũ ũmwe nĩ kĩgeranio kĩmwe tu.

Fomula

E[hasara] = Σ mbeca cia beti / 37
E[hasara o thaa] = mbeca cia beti × mĩthiũrũrũko o thaa / 37

Ciũria

Kaĩ kasino ĩoyaga 2.70% ya mbeca ciakwa cia kũgũra cipu?

Aca. 2.70% ya kĩrĩa gĩothe ũbetaga. Gũcooka kũbeti mbeca cia ũhootani nĩ gũcibeti rĩngĩ.

Kaĩ mbeca cia beti nini hingo ciothe nĩ cia thogora mũnini?

O thaa, ĩĩ, na ihenya o rĩmwe. O muoroto ũkinyĩtwo, aca: rora ũgwati wa gũthira mbeca ciothehithabuŨgwati wa gũthira mbeca ciotheMweke wa gũthira mbeca ciothe cia mũthako mbere ya gũkinya mũoroto kana mũigana wa mĩthiũrũrũko.Thoma wothe →.

Iheo cia kasino irutaga wĩra atĩa?

Kasino ithimaga hasara yaku ĩrĩa yetagĩrĩrwo kuuma beti ya gatagatĩ na ihinda rĩa mũthako na igacookia gĩcunjĩ kĩayo ta iheo cia kasino. Iracookia gĩcunjĩ kĩa thogora, ti gũkũhe uumithio.

Gĩa gũtheka

Mbeca ciothe cia beti × 1/37. Thaa ĩrĩ thĩinĩ wa mũtaratara.

Mbeca ciothe cia beti × 1/37. Thaa ĩrĩ thĩinĩ wa mũtaratara.

Kũrĩa ũhoro uumĩte

  1. Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. Springer, 2010. Gĩcunjĩ 13, rureti.
  2. Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed. Academic Press, 2013.
  3. Taylor, D. G. Games, Gambling, and Probability: An Introduction to Mathematics, 2nd ed. CRC Press, 2021.
rĩarorirwo rĩngĩ 2026-09-28mũhiano: rureti ya Rũraya, thero ĩmwenjĩra ya wĩra ↗kũrĩa ũhoro uumĩte ↗